Denmark 2 Kroner Silver Coin 1906 Ascension of Frederik VIII

Denmark 2 Kroner Silver Coin 1906 Ascension of Frederik VIII

Commemorative issue: Death of Christian IX and accession of Frederik VIII

Obverse: Armored bust of Frederik VIII to the left, HERREN.VÆRE MIN.HIÆLPER all in inner circle, rosette FREDERIK rosette VIII rosette KONGE rosette AF rosette DANMARK rosette bottom year between heart and VBP

Reverse: Bust of Christian IX to the left GJ DØD.DEN.29.IANUAR.1906 this all in wreath, rosette CHRISTIAN rosette IX rosette KONGE rosette AF rosette DANMARK rosette, bottom 2 KRONER.

The mintmaster's initials (VBP - Vilhelm Buchard Poulsen 1893-1918)and the moneyer's initials (GJ - Knud Gunnar Jensen 1901-1933)

Country:         Denmark.
Coin type:      Collector coins.
Subject:       Death of Christian IX and Accession of Frederik VIII.
Period:       King Frederick VIII (1906-1912).
Year:      1906.
Face value:    2 Kroner.
Composition: Silver 0.800.
Weight:         15 g.
Diameter:      31 mm.
Shape:           Round.
Edge type:     Milled.
Mintage:        151000.
Mintmark: heart - Royal Mint of Denmark, Copenhagen.
Krause number KM# 803.

King Frederik VIII of Denmark
Frederik VIII (Christian Frederik Vilhelm Carl) (3 June 1843 – 14 May 1912) was King of Denmark from 1906 to 1912.
  Before his accession to the throne at age 62, he served as crown prince for 43 years. During the long reign of his father, King Christian IX, he was largely excluded from influence and political power.

Frederik was born on 3 June 1843 in the Yellow Palace in Copenhagen as Prince Frederik of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, a junior male line of the House of Oldenburg, which was descended from Christian III of Denmark and which had ruled as non-sovereign dukes in Schleswig-Holstein for eight generations, including Frederik's grandfather. Frederik's parents were Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Louise of Hesse-Kassel.
  In 1853, his father was chosen as the heir presumptive to the Danish throne, because Frederik's mother, Louise of Hesse-Kassel, was a close relative of the last Danish king of the Oldenburg main line (the other heirs of the House of Hesse renounced their claims to the Danish throne in favour of Louise and her husband). Accordingly, Frederik became a Prince of Denmark in 1853.
  After his confirmation in 1860, Frederik was given a military education. In 1863, Prince Frederik was sent to do studies at the University of Oxford but when his father ascended the throne in November that year, he became Crown Prince and returned to Denmark.
  As Crown Prince of Denmark, he was given a seat in the State Council and subsequently assisted his father in the duties of government.
  In 1864, he formally took part in the Second Schleswig War against Prussia.

Marriage
Louise of Hesse wanted her eldest son to marry as well as her two daughters, Alexandra and Dagmar, had. Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom had two yet unmarried daughters, Princess Helena and Princess Louise, and Louise tried to marry Frederik to one of them. However, the British Queen didn't want her daughters to marry the heirs to foreign crowns, as this would force them to live abroad. She preferred German princes who could establish homes in the UK. In addition, Victoria had always been pro-German and another Danish alliance (Frederik's sister, Alexandra, had married Victoria's eldest son, the Prince of Wales), would not have been in line with her German interests.
  In July 1868, Frederik became engaged to Princess Louise of Sweden, the 17-year-old only daughter of King Charles XV of Sweden and IV of Norway. Princess Louise's family was related by marriage to Napoleon Bonaparte. She belonged to the Bernadotte dynasty, which had ruled in Sweden since 1818, when the founder, Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, one of Napoleon's generals, was elected crown prince of Sweden in 1810 and later succeeded the throne as Charles XIV of Sweden in 1818. He married Désirée Clary, who had once been engaged to the French Emperor. Charles XIV's son, Oscar I of Sweden, married Josephine of Leuchtenberg, granddaughter of Napoleon's first wife, the Empress Josephine. King Oscar I and Queen Josephine were Princess Louise's paternal grandparents.
  The marriage was suggested as a way of creating friendship between Denmark and Sweden. The two countries were in a tense situation after Sweden had not assisted Denmark during the war with Prussia in 1864. Frederik and Louise had met for the first time in 1862, but in 1868 Frederik was invited to Sweden to get to know Louise, and their meeting was described as a success. They became engaged the same year. She was the first Swedish princess to be married into the Danish royal house since the Middle Ages, and the marriage was welcomed in all three Scandinavian countries as a symbol of the new Scandinavism.
  Crown Prince Frederik and Louise of Sweden married at the Royal Palace in Stockholm on 28 July 1869. The couple resided at Amalienborg Palace in Copenhagen, spending the summers at Charlottenlund Palace north of the city. They had four sons and four daughters. The marriage was not a happy one, nor did it have any effect on the relationship between the two countries.

Reign
Frederik became king of Denmark as Frederik VIII on Christian IX's death on 29 January 1906. He was 62 years old at the time and had been Crown Prince for 43 years.
  In many ways Frederik VIII was a liberal ruler who was much more favorable to the new parliamentarian system than his father had been. Because of his very late accession to the throne he had only a few years to show his ability and he was weakened by ill health.

Death
On his return journey from a trip to Nice, King Frederik made a short stop in Hamburg, staying at the Hotel Hamburger Hof. The evening of his arrival on 14 May 1912, Frederik (incognito) took a walk on the Jungfernstieg. While walking he became faint and collapsed on a park bench and died. He was discovered by a police officer who took him to a Hafen hospital where he was pronounced dead. His cause of death was announced as a paralysis-attack. He was interred with other members of the Danish royal family in Roskilde Cathedral near Copenhagen.

Legacy
The royal families of Denmark, Norway, Belgium and Luxembourg are descended from King Frederik VIII. Denmark comes naturally, Norway's family goes through the line of his son, Prince Carl, and the families of Belgium and Luxembourg are descended from his daughter, Princess Ingeborg of Denmark.

Denmark 2 Kroner Silver Coin 1892 Golden Wedding of King Christian IX and Queen Louise

Denmark 2 Kroner Silver Coin 1892 Golden Wedding of King Christian IX and Queen Louise

Commemorative issue: Golden Wedding of King Christian IX and Queen Louise

Obverse: Portrait of King Christian IX and Queen Louise, text Kong Christian IX og Dronning Louise, date and initials CS below.
Lettering: KONG CHRISTIAN IX DRONNING LOUISE 1892 CS.
Engraver: CS.

Reverse: Denomination at top, date 26. MAI 1842-1892 with leaves arond.
Lettering: 2 KRONER 26 MAI 1842-1892.

Value: 2 Kroner.
Metal: Silver (.800).
Weight: 15 g.
Diameter: 31 mm.

King Christian IX of Denmark
Christian IX (8 April 1818 – 29 January 1906) was King of Denmark from 1863 to 1906. From 1863 to 1864, he was concurrently Duke of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg.
  Growing up as a prince of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, a junior branch of the House of Oldenburg which had ruled Denmark since 1448, Christian was originally not in the immediate line of succession to the Danish throne. However, in 1852, Christian was chosen as heir to the Danish monarchy in light of the expected extinction of the senior line of the House of Oldenburg. Upon the death of King Frederick VII of Denmark in 1863, Christian acceded to the throne as the first Danish monarch of the House of Glücksburg.
  The beginning of his reign was marked by the Danish defeat in the Second Schleswig War and the subsequent loss of the duchies of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg which made the king immensely unpopular. The following years of his reign were dominated by political disputes as Denmark had only become a constitutional monarchy in 1849 and the balance of power between the sovereign and parliament was still in dispute. In spite of his initial unpopularity and the many years of political strife, where the king was in conflict with large parts of the population, his popularity recovered towards the end of his reign, and he became a national icon due to the length of his reign and the high standards of personal morality with which he was identified.
  Christian married his second cousin, Princess Louise of Hesse-Kassel, in 1842. Their six children married into other royal families across Europe, earning him the sobriquet "the father-in-law of Europe". Most current European monarchs are descended from him, including Queen Margrethe II of Denmark, Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, King Philippe of Belgium, King Harald V of Norway, King Felipe VI of Spain, and Grand Duke Henri of Luxembourg. The British consort Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh is also an agnatic descendant of Christian IX, as are Michael I of Romania and Constantine II of Greece, whose thrones have been abolished. Also, the queens consort Anne of Romania, Anne-Marie of Greece, and Queen Sofia of Spain are among his descendants.

Louise of Hesse-Kassel
Louise of Hesse (German: Luise Wilhelmine Friederike Caroline Auguste Julie von Hessen-Kassel, Danish: Louise Wilhelmine Frederikke Caroline Auguste Julie) (7 September 1817 – 29 September 1898) was Queen of Denmark as the wife of King Christian IX of Denmark.
Marriage
  Louise was married at the Amalienborg Palace in Copenhagen on 26 May 1842 to her second cousin Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glucksburg. He was soon selected as hereditary prince of Denmark and later ascended the throne of Denmark as King Christian IX. The marriage greatly strengthed Christian's efforts to secure the Danish throne, since it joined two competing claimants whose children would have an enhanced connection to the ancient bloodlines of the Danish monarchy. Louise and Christian lived a quiet family life. Louise's mother and siblings renounced their rights to the Danish throne to her. Louise herself in turn renounced her rights to the throne to her spouse Christian. In 1852, this succession order was confirmed by the Nordic countries and foreign powers in London.
  In 1847, Prince Christian was, with the approval of Europe's Great Powers, chosen as successor to the Danish throne by Christian VIII (who did not expect his only surviving son, the future Frederick VII, to father dynastic sons). This choice of heir was made more dynastically palatable by the fact that, thanks to the mass renunciations of the Hesses, Christian's wife Louise became the heiress eventual to the crown, meaning that the couple's children would be heirs to the throne both by right of international treaty and by compliance with the Lex Regia. This resolved the succession to the Danish crown, but not Denmark's claim on the twin duchies of Schleswig and Holstein. German Holstein's historic law of succession was Salic and could not so easily be reconciled with Christian's claim so long as the Augustenborgs survived and Prussia offered itself as the international champion of German nationalism. The result of this conflict was the Second War of Schleswig.
  On 3 July 1853, King Frederick VII confirmed this succession. By that act, Louise and Christian became Crown Princess and Crown Prince of Denmark. Louise had a tense relationship with King Frederick VII, who contradicted the succession of her spouse, and whose marriage to the non-royal Louise Rasmussen she did not approve of. Therefore, the King and the Crown Prince couple did not see each other very often.

Denmark 10 Kroner Silver Coin 1972 Accession of Queen Margrethe II

Coins of Denmark 10 Kroner Silver Coin 1972 Accession of Queen Margrethe II

Commemorative issue: Death of Frederik IX and accession of Margrethe II

Obverse: Portrait of Queen Margrethe II looking right.
Lettering: MARGRETHE II DANMARKS DRONNING 1972 GUDS HJÆLP. FOLKETS KÆRLIGHED. DANMARKS STYRKE.

Reverse: Portrait of King Frederik IX looking right.
Lettering: FREDERIK IX KONGE AF DANMARK 20. APRIL 1947 14. JANUAR 1972 10 KRONER.

Edge: Milled.
Metal Silver (.800).
Weight 20.4 g.
Diameter 36 mm.
Thickness 2 mm.

Queen Margrethe II of Denmark
Margrethe II (full name: Margrethe Alexandrine Þórhildur Ingrid; born 16 April 1940) is the Queen of Denmark. She is also the supreme authority of the Church of Denmark and Commander-in-Chief of the Danish Defence Forces. A constitutional monarch, Margrethe takes no part in political decisions aside from ceremonial state functions, such as appointing the Prime Minister, and does not express political opinions.
  Margrethe is a member of the House of Glücksburg, a house originally from Northern Germany. As the eldest child of King Frederick IX and Ingrid of Sweden, she succeeded her father upon his death on 14 January 1972. On her accession, Margrethe became the first female monarch of Denmark since Margaret I, ruler of the Scandinavian countries in 1375–1412 during the Kalmar Union. Having been on the Danish throne for 43 years, she is currently the longest-reigning of the three Scandinavian monarchs, as Sweden's Carl XVI Gustaf has reigned since 1973 and Norway's Harald V has reigned since 1991.
  Margrethe was born in 1940, but did not become heir presumptive until 1953, when a constitutional amendment allowed women to inherit the throne (after it became clear that King Frederick was unlikely to have any male issue). In 1967, she married Henrik (born Henri de Laborde de Monpezat), with whom she has two sons: Crown Prince Frederik (born 1968) and Prince Joachim (born 1969).

Denmark 2 Kroner Silver Coin 1953 Foundation for the Campaign against Tuberculosis in Greenland

Coins of Denmark 2 Kroner Silver Coin 1953 Greenland

Commemorative issue: Foundation for the Campaign against Tuberculosis in Greenland

Obverse: King Frederick IX of Denmark and Queen Ingrid of Denmark - Conjoined heads right, date, mintmark and initials N-S below.
Lettering: KONG FREDERIK IX DRONNING INGRID AF DANMARK 1953 N S.
Engraver: N, S.

Reverse: Map of Greenland, countryname in Greenlandic language, denomination below.
Lettering: KALATDLIT NUNAT 2 KRONER.
Edge: Reeded.

Composition: Silver.
Fineness: 0.8000.
Weight: 15 g.
ASW: 0.3858 oz.
Diameter: 31 mm.

Denmark 5 Kroner Silver Coin 1960 Silver Wedding Anniversary

Coins of Denmark 5 Kroner Silver Coin 1960 Silver Wedding Anniversary

Commemorative issue: Silver Wedding Anniversary 1935 - 1960

Obverse: King Frederick IX of Denmark and Queen Ingrid of Denmark - Conjoined heads right, within titles
Lettering: KONG FREDERIK IX DRONNING INGRID AF DANMARK.

Reverse: Crowned double FI monogram, silver anniversary dates above, 2 barley stalks, value, mint mark and initials C-S below.
Lettering: 1935 24 MAI 1960 5 KRONER.

Composition: Silver.
Fineness: 0.8000.
Weight: 17 g.
ASW: 0.4372 oz.
Diameter: 33 mm.

King Frederick IX of Denmark
Frederick IX (born March 11, 1899, Sorgenfri Castle, near Copenhagen — died Jan. 14, 1972, Copenhagen), king of Denmark (1947–1972) who gave encouragement to the Danish resistance movement against the German occupation during World War II and, along with his father, Christian X, was imprisoned by the Germans (1943–1945). A highly popular monarch, he maintained the ties of affection between the people and the royal house.
  The eldest son of the future king Christian X and Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Frederick became crown prince in 1912 and joined the Danish Navy in 1917. He rose to the rank of commander by 1935 and in 1946 became rear admiral.
  Frederick acted as regent for his father in 1942 and 1947 and succeeded to the throne on his father’s death on April 20, 1947. In June 1953 he signed a new constitution that provided for female succession to the throne and reduced Parliament to one house. In 1964 his daughter Anne-Marie married King Constantine II of Greece, who was exiled in 1967. On his death in January 1972, Frederick was succeeded by his daughter Margrethe.
  In 1922, Frederick was engaged to Princess Olga of Greece and Denmark, his second cousin. They never wed.
Marriage
Instead, he married Princess Ingrid of Sweden (1910–2000) at Storkyrkan in Stockholm on 24 May 1935. She was a daughter of Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf (later King Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden) and his first wife, Princess Margaret of Connaught. They were related in several ways. In descent from Oscar I of Sweden and Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden, they were double third cousins. In descent from Paul I of Russia, Frederick was a fourth cousin of Ingrid's mother.
Their daughters are:
Queen Margrethe II of Denmark, born 16 April 1940, married to Henri de Laborde de Monpezat and has two sons
Princess Benedikte of Denmark, born 29 April 1944, married to Prince Richard of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg and has three children
Queen Anne-Marie of Greece, born 30 August 1946, married to King Constantine II of Greece and has five children

Ingrid of Sweden
Ingrid of Sweden (Ingrid Victoria Sofia Louise Margareta; 28 March 1910 – 7 November 2000) was Queen of Denmark from 1947 until 1972 as the wife of King Frederick IX.
  Born into the House of Bernadotte, she was the daughter of King Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden and his first wife Princess Margaret of Connaught. She was the mother of Margrethe II, the present Queen of Denmark, Princess Benedikte of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg and Queen Anne-Marie of Greece, the wife of King Constantine II. She was also an aunt of the present King of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf.
Marriage
The question of Ingrid's marriage was a hot topic of conversation in the 1920's. She was matched with various foreign royalties and was seen by some as a possible wife for the heir-apparent to the British throne, the Prince of Wales, who was her second cousin. Her mother, Margaret of Connaught, and the then-Prince of Wales' father, King George V, were first cousins, both being grandchildren of Queen Victoria. In 1928, Ingrid met the Prince of Wales in London. However, no engagement took place.
  On 15 March 1935, shortly before her 25th birthday, she was engaged to Frederick, Crown Prince of Denmark and Iceland. They were related in several ways. As descendants of Oscar I of Sweden, they were third cousins. Through Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden, they were third cousins. And finally through Paul I of Russia, Frederick was a fourth cousin of Ingrid's mother. They married in Stockholm Cathedral on 24 May 1935. Among the wedding guests were the King and Queen of Denmark, the King and Queen of Belgium and the Crown Prince and Crown Princess of Norway. Her wedding was one of the greatest media events of the day in Sweden in 1935, and received so much attention that the media were criticised for it. Ingrid also appeared on the radio in 1935 and read a poem, something which was also given much attention.
Crown Princess
As a Crown Princess, she was the Official Patron of the Girl Guides (1936), after having taken, and passed, the same tests all applicants were given. In 1940, before the occupation, she was the leader of the Danske Kvinders Beredskab (The Danish Women's war-effort society). During the German occupation of Denmark in World War II, Ingrid, with her personal courage and integrity, influenced the Danish Royal House and its conduct in relation to the occupation forces, and won great popularity as a symbol of silent resistance and public patriotic moral. She showed solidarity toward the Danish population, and could often be seen on her bicycle or with her baby carriage on the streets of Copenhagen during the war. Her open defiance of the occupation forces made her grandfather, King Gustav of Sweden, worry about the risks, and in 1941, he sent a demand to her to be more discreet "for the sake of the dynasty" and its safety, but she reacted with anger and refused to obey, and she had the support of her spouse, who shared her views. One display of defiance shown by Ingrid was her positioning of the flags of Denmark, Sweden and the United Kingdom in the window of the nursery at Amalienborg, the royal residence in the centre of Copenhagen.
Queen consort
She became the Queen of Denmark upon her husband's accession to the throne on 20 April 1947. As such, she reformed the traditions of Danish court life, abolished many old-fashioned customs at court and created a more relaxed atmosphere at official receptions. She was interested in gardening and art, and renovated the Gråsten Slot according to her own historical research about the Palace's original appearance.
  In 1972, Ingrid was widowed. That same year, after having sworn to respect the Danish constitution, she was appointed Rigsforstander (formal Regent) and representative of the Monarch whenever her daughter (and later her grandsons) were absent, a task she performed on many occasions. This was exceptional; since the constitution of 1871, only the Crown Prince had been allowed to act as Regent in the absence of the Monarch.
  She was patron of a long line of social organizations, positions which, one after another, she eventually left to Princess Benedikte as years passed: Røde Kors, Ældre Sagen, Red Barnet, Løgum Klosters Refugium, and Fonden for Træer og Miljø. She also founded the organizations Kong Frederik og Dronning Ingrids fond til humanitære og kulturelle formål, Ingridfondet for South Jutland, Det kgl. Grønlandsfond, and Dronning Ingrids Romerske Fond til støtte af kulturelle og videnskabelige formål. She was described as dutiful, well-prepared and energetic. She learned Danish quickly. She was also a feminist and felt strongly for gender equality.

Denmark Coins 1 Krone 1976 Queen Margrethe II

Denmark Coins 1 Krone 1976 Queen Margrethe II

Obverse: Portrait of Queen Margrethe II of Denmark facing right; along the edge: MARGRETHE II DANMARKS DRONNING (Margrethe II Queen of Denmark).
Lettering: MARGRETHE II DANMARKS DRONNING S ♥ B
Mint: Den Kongelige Mønt (The Royal Mint), Copenhagen (mint mark along the bottom edge of the obverse; before the mint mark the initial of mint's director Sørensen S in years 1973-1978, or Bjarnø B in years 1979-1981, or Rasmussen R in years 1982-1989; after the mint mark the initial of chief engraver Bahnsen B).

Mint and privy marks: Except for the period 2002-2013 on Danish coinage next to the heart - the mint mark of the Royal Mint of Denmark, also initials of mint's directors (usually before the heart) and of main engravers (usually after the heart) were placed.
S♥B
Mint director: S 1971-1978 Vagn Sørensen.
Chief engraver: B 1968-1983 Frode Bahnsen.

Reverse: in the coin centre Coat of Arms shield of Queen Margrethe II of Denmarks divides year of issue; along the bottom edge face value: 1 KRONE.
Lettering: 1976 1 KRONE.
Engraver: F. Bahnsen.

Edge: Reeded.
Years: 1973-1989.
Value: 1 Krone.
Metal: Copper-nickel.
Weight: 6.8 g.
Diameter: 25.5 mm.
Thickness: 1.6 mm.
Shape: Round.

Denmark Coins 1 Krone 1946 King Christian X

Denmark Coins 1 Krone 1946 King Christian X

Obverse: Portrait of King Christian X of Denmark, with titles, mint mark, initials N-S.
Lettering: CHRISTIAN X KONGE AF DANMARK NS.

Reverse: Value divided by stalk of wheat and oats crossed, date.
Lettering: 1 1947 KRONE.

Years: 1942-1947.
Composition: Aluminum-Bronze.
Weight: 6.5 g.
Diameter: 25.5 mm.
Thickness: 1.8 mm.
Shape: Round.

King Christian X of Denmark
Christian X (born Sept. 26, 1870, Charlottenlund, Den.—died April 20, 1947, Copenhagen), king of Denmark (1912–47) who symbolized the nation’s resistance to the German occupation during World War II.
  The eldest son of the future King Frederick VIII and Louise of Sweden and Norway, Christian became chief of the royal guard in 1898 and married Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Becoming crown prince in 1906, Christian led the opposition to the sale of the Danish West Indies (now the U.S. Virgin Islands) to the United States, which ultimately took place in 1917. He assumed the throne on his father’s death in 1912.
  Christian attended the first in a series of meetings of Scandinavian kings during World War I at Malmö in December 1914. In June 1915 he signed the new constitution that provided for a two-chamber parliament with equal suffrage for men and women; he also gave his assent to the federal act of 1918 making Iceland an independent kingdom. In July 1920 he received a warm welcome in North Schleswig, the part of Schleswig-Holstein ceded to Denmark by Germany under the Treaty of Versailles (1919).
  During World War II, after the German occupation of Denmark began in 1940, Christian rode frequently on horseback through the streets of Copenhagen, showing that he had not abandoned his claim to national sovereignty. He rejected the Nazi demand for anti-Jewish legislation in September 1942 but was forced in May 1943 to condemn Danish sabotage of munitions works and railways. His speech against the occupation forces in August 1943, after fighting had broken out between the Germans and Danish resistance fighters, led to his imprisonment until the end of the war. He was succeeded on his death by his elder son, who became Frederick IX.